{"id":76,"date":"2024-01-08T12:28:45","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T11:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vyzkumak.cz\/blog\/?p=76"},"modified":"2024-04-24T17:49:18","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T15:49:18","slug":"5-tipu-jak-zrychlit-vas-web-aby-vas-google-miloval","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vyzkumak.cz\/blog\/5-tipu-jak-zrychlit-vas-web-aby-vas-google-miloval\/","title":{"rendered":"5 tip\u016f, jak zrychlit v\u00e1\u0161 web, aby v\u00e1s Google miloval"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pro\u010d je rychlost va\u0161eho webu tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1? V z\u00e1plav\u011b informac\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed doby se udr\u017een\u00ed pozornosti n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f st\u00e1v\u00e1 st\u00e1le t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed. Rychlost na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed webu je tak jedn\u00edm z dostupn\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je metodou pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed va\u0161eho SEO. Rychl\u00e9 na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nek je jedn\u00edm z faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1va\u010de jako Google pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed a \u0159azen\u00ed str\u00e1nek ve v\u00fdsledc\u00edch vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Cache<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Rychlost na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nek je tedy jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch UX discipl\u00edn. Zde je 5 tip\u016f, na co se zam\u011b\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Obr\u00e1zky a fonty<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Obr\u00e1zky a fonty mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b zpomalit na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161eho webu. Pro obr\u00e1zky je doporu\u010deno vyu\u017e\u00edt automatickou optimalizaci b\u011bhem deploymentu (nasazov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace) s n\u00e1stroji jako TinyPNG<\/a> nebo ImageOptim<\/a>. N\u00e1stroj\u016f pro optimalizaci je velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed, tak jejich v\u00fdb\u011br a implementaci rozhodn\u011b nechte na va\u0161ich v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Obr\u00e1zky<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pro kontrolu aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt PageSpeed Insights<\/a> \u010di GTMetrix<\/a>. Pokud chcete b\u00fdt d\u016fkladn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete se pod\u00edvat na str\u00e1nku v n\u00e1stroj\u00edch pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e v Google Chrome. V z\u00e1lo\u017ece \u201eNetwork\u201c se v\u00e1m zobraz\u00ed ve\u0161ker\u00e9 zdroje, kter\u00e9 va\u0161e str\u00e1nka na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1. Snadno si je se\u0159ad\u00edte dle velikosti a ty nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kousky vhodn\u00e9 pro optimalizaci v\u00e1m vysko\u010d\u00ed samy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ohledn\u011b font\u016f je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 a \u00fapln\u011b se vyhnout jejich na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed z extern\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdznamn\u011b zrychlit na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nek, proto\u017ee se eliminuje pot\u0159eba stahov\u00e1n\u00ed font\u016f, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. Pokud bojujete s Core Web Vitals a konkr\u00e9tn\u011b metrikou CLS, mohou b\u00fdt fonty hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou probl\u00e9mu. Pokud je pro v\u00e1s vyu\u017eit\u00ed vlastn\u00edho\/extern\u00edho fontu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, optimalizujte soubor, aby doch\u00e1zelo k na\u010dten\u00ed jen pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch \u0159ez\u016f a znak\u016f pro jazykov\u00e9 mutace va\u0161eho webu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhad pracnosti:<\/strong> N\u00edzk\u00e1 a\u017e st\u0159edn\u00ed – automatizace m\u016f\u017ee u\u0161et\u0159it \u010das, ale vy\u017eaduje po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed nastaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. CSS a JavaScript<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nadbyte\u010dn\u00fd a neefektivn\u00ed k\u00f3d m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit, \u017ee va\u0161e str\u00e1nky se na\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed pomaleji. Pou\u017e\u00edvejte n\u00e1stroje jako Minify nebo UglifyJS pro zmen\u0161en\u00ed velikosti va\u0161ich CSS a JS soubor\u016f. T\u00edm dos\u00e1hnete rychlej\u0161\u00edho na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed soubor\u016f na komponenty (hlavi\u010dka, karta produktu, kontaktn\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159, \u2026) a na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed pouze pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je optim\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. To zajist\u00ed velk\u00e9 \u00faspory, jeliko\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 str\u00e1nka si na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 pouze data, se kter\u00fdmi pracuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"CSS<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e budete m\u00edt rozd\u011bleno, m\u016f\u017eete se zamyslet, kter\u00e9 komponenty bude s velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed pot\u0159ebovat dal\u0161\u00ed str\u00e1nka va\u0161eho webu a na\u010d\u00edtat soubory p\u0159edem. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v e-shopu m\u016f\u017ee str\u00e1nka v\u00fdpisu produkt\u016f po na\u010dten\u00ed za\u010d\u00edt na pozad\u00ed na\u010d\u00edtat soubory nutn\u00e9 pro zobrazen\u00ed detailu produktu, kter\u00e1 se pak dok\u00e1\u017ee po kliknut\u00ed na produkt na\u010d\u00edst v\u00fdrazn\u011b rychleji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podrobnou anal\u00fdzu a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed nechte na va\u0161ich v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u00edch. PageSpeed Insights v t\u00e9to oblasti \u010dasto poukazuj\u00ed na fiktivn\u00ed a ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00e9 probl\u00e9my kter\u00fdmi byste jen marnili \u010das. Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed tak\u00e9 technologie \u201eEarly Hints\u201c, pomoc\u00ed kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 server informovat prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d o d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch souborech p\u0159edem a urychlit tak celkov\u00e9 na\u010dten\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhad pracnosti:<\/strong> St\u0159edn\u00ed – vy\u017eaduje anal\u00fdzu k\u00f3du a p\u0159\u00edpadnou restrukturalizaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Cache (mezipam\u011b\u0165) prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Mezipam\u011b\u0165 prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eivatel\u016fm rychleji na\u010d\u00edtat str\u00e1nky p\u0159i opakovan\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1ch. Na va\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b jen nastav\u00edte jak\u00e9 typy soubor\u016f si m\u00e1 dr\u017eet prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d u\u017eivatele v pam\u011bti a jak dlouho. Kdy\u017e nahr\u00e1v\u00e1te \u00fapravy na web, nesm\u00edte zapomenout, \u017ee n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci mohou m\u00edt soubory v mezipam\u011bti v jeho star\u0161\u00ed verzi. To je nutn\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159it ve va\u0161em deploymentu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"3.<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

PageSpeed Insights<\/a> \u010di GTMetrix<\/a> v\u00e1m pomohou identifikovat, jak efektivn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te cache prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010de. Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdzu doporu\u010dujeme nechat na va\u0161ich v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhad pracnosti:<\/strong> N\u00edzk\u00e1 – v\u011bt\u0161inou jde o jednoduch\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed na serveru nebo ve webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. CDN (Content Delivery Network)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

CDN pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zrychlit na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed obsahu t\u00edm, \u017ee jej distribuuje z r\u016fzn\u00fdch lokac\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk si tak va\u0161e data stahuje ze serveru, kter\u00fd je nejbl\u00ed\u017ee jeho aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed poloze. To je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro weby s mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm publikem. N\u00e1stroje jako Cloudflare nebo Amazon CloudFront v\u00e1m zajist\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed na kl\u00ed\u010d. T\u00edm, \u017ee velkou \u010d\u00e1st va\u0161eho obsahu stahuj\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo z CDN, \u0161et\u0159\u00edte v\u00fdkon va\u0161eho serveru. Tyto n\u00e1stroje nav\u00edc \u010dasto obsahuj\u00ed \u201eWeb application Firewall\u201c, kter\u00fd \u0159e\u0161\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed va\u0161eho webu proti nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fatok\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhad pracnosti:<\/strong> St\u0159edn\u00ed – vy\u017eaduje nastaven\u00ed a mo\u017enou integraci s va\u0161\u00ed infrastrukturou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Cache<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

5. Odpov\u011b\u010f serveru<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u010d uv\u00e1d\u00edme jako posledn\u00ed, \u010dasto je \u010das odpov\u011bdi serveru t\u00edm nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm faktorem, kter\u00fd zpomaluje na\u010dten\u00ed str\u00e1nky. Je to doba od po\u017eadavku a\u017e po p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nky va\u0161emu prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010di k na\u010dten\u00ed. U statick\u00fdch web\u016f je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je aplikace, t\u00edm del\u0161\u00ed je pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 doba k vygenerov\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1nky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vyplat\u00ed se investovat do kvalitn\u00edho hostingu. V\u00fdkonn\u00fd hardware dok\u00e1\u017ee velkou \u010d\u00e1st probl\u00e9m\u016f vy\u0159e\u0161it bez n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch programov\u00fdch z\u00e1sah\u016f.
M\u011bjte k dispozici grafy v\u00fdkonu va\u0161eho serveru a sledujte, jak se pohybuje vyt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m provozu a ve \u0161pi\u010dce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Odpov\u011b\u010f<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pravideln\u011b byste m\u011bli kontrolovat v\u00fdkon va\u0161ich datab\u00e1zov\u00fdch dotaz\u016f. Toto je discipl\u00edna, kterou ji\u017e mus\u00edte nechat na va\u0161em v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i. K dispozici jsou n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 umo\u017en\u00ed analyzovat aplikace i t\u0159et\u00ed stranou, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Sentry<\/a> \u010di Blackfire<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rychlosti odezvy zajist\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161ina online aplikaci na monitoring dostupnosti. My pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me nap\u0159\u00edklad uptimerobot.com<\/a> a pagespeed.cz.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odhad pracnosti: <\/strong>St\u0159edn\u00ed a\u017e vysok\u00e1 – z\u00e1vis\u00ed na slo\u017eitosti va\u0161\u00ed infrastruktury a datab\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pamatujte, \u017ee tyto kroky nejsou jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9 \u00fakoly, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e sou\u010d\u00e1st neust\u00e1l\u00e9ho procesu zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161eho webu. Pravideln\u00e1 kontrola a \u00fadr\u017eba zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 web z\u016fstane rychl\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed. My pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me pro pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pagespeed.cz<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V denn\u00edm shonu je velmi snadn\u00e9 na tuto kontrolu zapomenout a dlouh\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce se webu nev\u011bnovat. Doporu\u010dujeme jednou m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b \u010di kvart\u00e1ln\u011b kontrolovat, jak na tom v\u00e1\u0161 web je. V Google Search Console se zam\u011b\u0159te se na Core Web Vitals. D\u00e1le se pod\u00edvejte v PageSpeed Insights na report v\u0161ech va\u0161ich d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. To m\u016f\u017eete i automatizovat na pagespeed.cz, kde si zdarma vlo\u017e\u00edte v\u0161echny va\u0161e weby a jejich kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 sekce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nyn\u00ed u\u017e zb\u00fdv\u00e1 jen za\u010d\u00edt. A\u0165 jsou va\u0161e weby rychl\u00e9 jako v\u00edtr a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci se na nich netr\u00e1p\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

5 tip\u016f jak zrychlit v\u00e1\u0161 web, aby v\u00e1s Google miloval<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":150,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[8,4],"yoast_head":"\n5 tip\u016f, jak zrychlit v\u00e1\u0161 web, aby v\u00e1s Google miloval - UX laborato\u0159 V\u00fdzkum\u00e1k blog - rady a tipy o UX<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pro\u010d je rychlost va\u0161eho webu tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1? 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